| Massima | Turned cast metal from Italian foundries, or stave wood | Cast bronze 4.5 mm, turned, no welding | Full NFM system, stainless steel, three-position throw off |
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| Custom | Cast bronze, cast steel or stave wood | Stainless steel, laser cut recessed clips | Full NFM system, stainless steel |
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| Gral | Old milk cans: cast aluminium and zinc, 2–3 mm, no welding | Varies model by model | Varies model by model |
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| DDL | Wide range of materials; wooden shells with vertical staves | Triple flanged | Simple and functional: chromed lugs, Trick Percussion throw off |
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